WormMine: Gene WBGene00003965

• WormBase Gene ID: WBGene00003965
• Gene Name: pdk-1
• Sequence Name: H42K12.1
• Brief Description: pdk-1 encodes the C. elegans 3-phosphoinositide-dependent kinase 1 ortholog; PDK-1 is a component of the DAF-2/insulin receptor-like signaling pathway and accordingly, functions to regulate such processes as dauer larvae formation, longevity, and salt chemotaxis learning; genetic analyses indicate that, in regulating dauer arrest, PDK-1 acts downstream of AGE-1/PI3K and upstream of the AKT-1 and AKT-2 kinases; a PDK-1::GFP fusion protein is expressed broadly beginning in late stage embryos and continuing on through adulthood; expression is seen in head, tail, and ventral cord motor neurons, pharyngeal tissues, hypodermal cells, the intestine, and the somatic gonad; in neurons, the PDK-1::GFP localizes to cell bodies and processes, with occasional expression seen in some neuronal nuclei.
• Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans
• Automated Description: Enables protein kinase activity. Involved in several processes, including cellular response to reactive oxygen species; dauer larval development; and regulation of synaptic assembly at neuromuscular junction. Located in axon; neuronal cell body; and nucleus. Expressed in several structures, including gonad; intestine; neurons; pharynx; and ventral nerve cord. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in lung non-small cell carcinoma and prostate cancer. Is an ortholog of human PDPK1 (3-phosphoinositide dependent protein kinase 1).
• Biotype: SO:0001217
• Genetic Position: X :-18.3899 ±0.051074
• Length (nt): 6643

1 Organism

• Name: Caenorhabditis elegans
• Taxon Id: 6239

1 Synonyms

• Value: WBGene00003965

Genomics

2 Transcripts

WormMine ID	Sequence Name	Length (nt)	Chromosome Location
Transcript:H42K12.1b.1	H42K12.1b.1	2422	X: 1321344-1327985
Transcript:H42K12.1a.1	H42K12.1a.1	2402	X: 1321353-1327986

Other

2 CDSs

WormMine ID	Sequence Name	Length (nt)	Chromosome Location
CDS:H42K12.1a	H42K12.1a	1899	X: 1321363-1321449
CDS:H42K12.1b	H42K12.1b	1911	X: 1321363-1321449

8 RNAi Result

• WBRNAi00049558
• WBRNAi00016353
• WBRNAi00109208
• WBRNAi00109402
• WBRNAi00109305
• WBRNAi00109596
• WBRNAi00109499
• WBRNAi00092508

100 Allele

• gk963725
• WBVar01757210
• gk964022
• sa680
• sa709
• sn709
• WBVar00074849
• WBVar00074848
• WBVar00074847
• WBVar01979233
• WBVar01979232
• WBVar01979231
• WBVar01979234
• WBVar02026624
• gk467328
• gk624884
• gk652148
• gk713413
• gk553988
• gk779794
• gk604536
• gk605291
• gk712879
• gk758804
• gk851802
• gk927936
• gk909223
• gk517045
• gk695594
• gk646908

1 Chromosome

• WormBase ID: X
• Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans
• Length (nt): 17718942

1 Chromosome Location

• Feature . Primary Identifier: WBGene00003965
• Start: 1321344
• End: 1327986
• Strand: 1

4 Data Sets

• WormBaseAcedbConverter
• GO Annotation data set
• C. elegans genomic annotations (GFF3 Gene)
• Panther orthologue and paralogue predictions

0 Downstream Intergenic Region

168 Expression Clusters

Regulated By Treatment	Description	Algorithm	Primary Identifier
	Genes with expression altered >= 3-fold in dpy-10(e128) mutants.	Data across the wild type series was analyzed using the Significance analysis of Microarrays (SAM) algorithm (to calculate the False Discovery Rate (FDR)).	WBPaper00035873:dpy-10_regulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in L1 neural cells comparing to in adult neural cells.	DESeq2 (v1.18.1) fold change > 2, P-adj<0.05, using BenjaminiHochberg correction.	WBPaper00060811:L1_vs_adult_upregulated_neural
	Transcripts expressed in neuronal cells, by analyzingfluorescence-activated cell sorted (FACS) neurons.	DESeq. False discovry rate (FDR) < 0.1.	WBPaper00048988:neuron_expressed
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in AGP22 [nhr-49(nr2041)I;glp-1(e2141)III] comparing to in CF1903 [glp-1(e2144)III] at Day 2 adults.	Fold change > 2, p Value of < 0.05 and a false discovery rate (FDR) of < 0.05.	WBPaper00061530:nhr-49(e2144)_downregulated
Osmotic stress	Transcripts that showed significantly altered expression with 500 mM salt (NaCl) vs 100 mM salt when food was present	DESeq(version 1.10.1), FDR < 0.05.	WBPaper00050726:OsmoticStress_regulated_Food
	Genome-wide analysis of developmental and sex-regulated gene expression profile.	self-organizing map	cgc4489_group_18
	Coexpression clique No. 60, 176662_at-Y53F4B.16, on the genome-wide coexpression clique map for the nematode GPL200 platform.	All available microarray datasets for the GPL200 platform (Affymetrix C. elegans Genome Array) were obtained from the GEO repository. This included 2243 individual microarray experiments. These were normalized against each other with the software RMAexpress (Bolstad, 2014). Based on these normalized values, Pearsons correlation coefficients were obtained for each probe-probe pair of the 22,620 probes represented on this array type. The resulting list of correlation coefficients was then ranked to generate the ranked coexpression database with information on each probe represented on the GPL200 platform.	WBPaper00061527:176662_at-Y53F4B.16
	Maternal class (M): genes that are called present in at least one of the three PC6 replicates.	A modified Welch F statistic was used for ANOVA. For each gene, regressed error estimates were substituted for observed error estimates. The substitution is justified by the lack of consistency among the most and least variable genes at each time point. Regressed error estimates were abundance-dependent pooled error estimates that represented a median error estimate from a window of genes of similar abundance to the gene of interest. A randomization test was used to compute the probability Pg of the observed F statistic for gene g under the null hypothesis that developmental time had no effect on expression. P-values were not corrected for multiple testing.	[cgc5767]:expression_class_M
	Transcripts expressed in NMDA neuron, according to PAT-Seq analysis using Pnmr-1-GFP-3XFLAG mRNA tagging.	Cufflinks FPKM value >=1.	WBPaper00050990:NMDA-neuron_expressed
	Genes with expression level regulated by genotype (N2 vs CB4856) and age at L3 larva and Late reproduction stage (96 hours at 24 centigrade).	For model 2, authors used 100 permutations to estimate the FDR threshold. Per permutation, genotypes and ages were independently randomly distributed, keeping the among-gene structure intact. Then for each spot (23,232) on the array, model 2 was tested. The obtained P-values were used to estimate a threshold for each of the explanatory factors. Authors also used a genome-wide threshold of -log10 P-value = 2, which resembles an FDR of 0.072 and 0.060 for marker and the interaction age-marker for the developing worms and FDR of 0.050 and 0.065 for marker and age-marker for the aging worms. For the physiological age effect, authors used a log10 P-value = 8 in developing worms (0.012 FDR) and -log10 P-value = 6 (0.032 FDR).	WBPaper00040858:eQTL_age_regulated_developing
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in day 1 adult hermaphrodite comparing to in L4 larva glp-1(e2141) animals.	Fold change > 2, FDR < 0.05	WBPaper00064088:Day-1-adult_vs_L4_upregulated_glp-1(e2141)
	Genes with expression level regulated by genotype (N2 vs CB4856) at Late reproduction stage (96 hours at 24 centigrade).	Authors permuted transcript values and used a genome-wide threshold of log10 P-value = 2, which resembles a false discovery rate (FDR) of 0.0118.	WBPaper00040858:eQTL_regulated_reproductive
Bacteria diet: Escherichia coli HB101. Fed for 30 generations.	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression after fed by bacteria E. coli HB101 for 30 generations comparing to animals fed by E. coli OP50.	DESeq2 fold change > 2, p-value < 0.01.	WBPaper00061007:HB101_downregulated
Bacteria diet: Sphingomonas aquatilis Yellow. Fed for 30 generations.	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression after fed by bacteria Sphingomonas aquatilis (Yellow) for 30 generations comparing to animals fed by E. coli OP50.	DESeq2 fold change > 2, p-value < 0.01.	WBPaper00061007:S.aquatilis_downregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in hrde-1(tm1200) animals, comparing to in N2, after growing at 25C for five generations (late generation).	CuffDiff2	WBPaper00051265:F4_hrde-1(tm1200)_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in aak-1(tm1944);aak-2(ok524) animals comparing to in N2.	DEseq 1.18.0, adjusted p-value < 0.05.	WBPaper00056471:aak-1(tm1944);aak-2(ok524)_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in alg-1(gk214), comparing to in N2.	DESeq2, Fold change > 1.5.	WBPaper00051404:alg-1(gk214)_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in daf-16(mgDf50) comparing to in N2 at L1 larva stage.	DESeq v1.20.0 was used to analyze differential gene expression. Transcripts with adjusted p-value < 0.05 were considered differentialled expressed.	WBPaper00048971:daf-16(mgDf50)_downregulated_L1
Heat Shock: 35C 4 hours at L4 larva stage.	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression after L4 larva N2 animals were heat stressed at 35C for 4 hours	DESeq2	WBPaper00057154:HeatShock_downregulated_mRNA
	Genes down regulated by mir-243(n4759).	RNAs that changed at least 2-fold with a probability of p > 0.05 in three biological replicates were considered differentially regulated between wild-type and mir-243.	WBPaper00036130:mir-243_down_regulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression after exposure to 75uM paraquat(PQ) from L1 to day 2 adult stage in skn-1(lax188) animals	fold change > 2	WBPaper00058711:paraquat_upregulated
25C vs. 20C	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in 1-day post L4 adult hermaphrodite N2 grown at 25C, comparing to in N2 animals grown at 20C.	CuffDiff, fold change > 2.	WBPaper00065096:25C_vs_20C_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in 10-days post L4 adult hermaphrodite N2 grown at 20C, comparing to in 1-day post L4 adult hermaphrodite N2 animals grown at 20C.	CuffDiff, fold change > 2.	WBPaper00065096:Day10_vs_Day1_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in daf-2(e1370;mes-1(bn84ts) comparing to in mes-1(bn84ts).	DESeq2 was used for differential expression analysis. A BenjaminiHochberg multiple hypothesis-corrected P-value cutoff of 0.05 was used as a significance cutoff.	WBPaper00049368:daf-2(e1370)_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in tetraploid N2 comparing to diploid N2 animals at L4 larva stage.	DESeq2 R package (1.20.0), fold change > 2, and FDR < 0.05.	WBPaper00066110:tetraploid_vs_diploid_downregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression in strain GC1459 containing daf-18(ok480) comparing to control strain GC1171.	edgeR, p-value < 0.05, fold change > 2.	WBPaper00061699:daf-18(ok480)_downregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in daf-2(e1370) comparing to in N2.	Differential gene expression analysis was performed using the quasi-likeli-hood framework in edgeR package v. 3.20.1 in R v. 3.4.1.	WBPaper00053810:daf-2(e1370)_upregulated
	Transcripts that were regulated by both set-6(ok2195) and baz-2(tm0235) at 2-day post L4 adult hermaphrodite stage.	N.A.	WBPaper00059356:set-6(ok2195)_baz-2(tm0235)_regulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly increased expression in ilc-17.1(syb5296) comparing to in N2 animals at L4 larva stage.	DESeq2, fold change > 2, FDR < 0.05.	WBPaper00066594:ilc-17.1(syb5296)_upregulated
	Transcripts that showed significantly decreased expression after animals were treated with 100uM Rapamycin and 50uM Rifampicin from day 1 to day 3 adult hermaphradite.	DESeq2(v1.14.1), fold change > 2, p-value < 0.05	WBPaper00055354:Rapamycin-Rifampicin_downregulated

7 Expression Patterns

• Primary Identifier: Expr1031889
• Pattern: Tiling arrays expression graphs

• Primary Identifier: Expr13065
• Pattern: GFP expression driven by the Ce-pdk-1 promoter was present in head and tail neurons, pharynx, intestine and hypodermal cells.

• Primary Identifier: Expr1331
• Pattern: PDK-1/GFP expression is observed in late stage embryos and throughout the life of the animal. In postembryonic animals, PDK-1/GFP expression is observed in the cell bodies and processes of the majority of neurons in the head and tail, in the motor neurons of the ventral nerve cord and neuronal processes along the body of the animal, in the cells and neurons of the pharynx, in intestinal cells, and in hypodermal cells. In L4s and adults, PDK-1/GFP is also expressed in the somatic gonad.
• Subcellular Localization: cell bodies and processes of neurons

• Primary Identifier: Expr1153286
• Pattern: Developmental gene expression time-course. Raw data can be downloaded from ftp://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/hashimshony2015

• Primary Identifier: Expr2033043
• Pattern: Single cell embryonic expression. Only cell types with an expression fraction of greater 0.2 of the maximum expressed fraction are labeled (Full data can be downloaded from http://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/packer2019/). The colors represent the broad cell class to which the cell type has been assigned. The size of the point is proportional to the log2 of the numbers of cells in the dataset of that cell type. Interactive visualizations are available as a web app (https://cello.shinyapps.io/celegans/) and can also be installed as an R package (https://github.com/qinzhu/VisCello.celegans).

• Primary Identifier: Expr2014809
• Pattern: Single cell embryonic expression. Only cell types with an expression fraction of greater 0.2 of the maximum expressed fraction are labeled (Full data can be downloaded from http://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/packer2019/). The colors represent the broad cell class to which the cell type has been assigned. The size of the point is proportional to the log2 of the numbers of cells in the dataset of that cell type. Interactive visualizations are available as a web app (https://cello.shinyapps.io/celegans/) and can also be installed as an R package (https://github.com/qinzhu/VisCello.celegans).

• Primary Identifier: Expr1013319
• Pattern: Developmental gene expression time-course. Raw data can be downloaded from ftp://caltech.wormbase.org/pub/wormbase/datasets-published/levin2012

26 GO Annotation

10 Homologues

1 Locations

• Feature . Primary Identifier: WBGene00003965
• Start: 1321344
• End: 1327986
• Strand: 1

26 Ontology Annotations

0 Regulates Expr Cluster

1 Sequence

• Length: 6643

1 Sequence Ontology Term