WormMine: AnatomyTerm WBbt:0004933

• Definition: Cephalic neurons, contain dopamine
• Name: CEPVL
• Primary Identifier: WBbt:0004933
• Synonym: lineage name: ABplpaappppa

1 Children

Definition	Name	Synonym	Primary Identifier
nucleus of pedigree ABplpaappppa	ABplpaappppa nucleus		WBbt:0001899

2 Expression Clusters

Regulated By Treatment	Description	Algorithm	Primary Identifier
	Top 300 transcripts enriched in CEPDL, CEPDR, CEPVL, CEPVR according to single cell RNAseq.	Top 300 enriched transcripts were determined by log2.ratio of the tpm in the cell type vs the tpm in the other cells * the log2 of the cell.type tpm.	WBPaper00061340:CEP
	Single-cell RNA-Seq cell group 36_0 expressed in neuron.	scVI 0.6.0	WBPaper00065841:36_0

89 Expression Patterns

• Primary Identifier: Expr4382
• Pattern: Expressed in AVA, RIB, RID, SIB, SMD, CEP(?), ADE(?), some unidentified neurons in the head and tail. Also expressed in anal depressor, head muscles (strong), body wall muscles (strong).

• Primary Identifier: Expr4679
• Remark: sin-3 = pqn-28 according to this paper.
• Pattern: When the sin-3 expression profile was examined in transgenic animals using a gfp reporter driven by a 1.5 kb sin-3 5'-flanking sequence, the sin-3::gfp signal was detected in all the ray structural cells. In addition, sin-3::gfp expression was observed in the inner labial neurons, socket cells, the cephalic neurons in the head region and the ventral nerve cord from L1 to adult stage.

• Primary Identifier: Expr16352
• Pattern: We confirmed previous reports that the asic-1 promoter drives expression in the ADE, CEP, PVQ, PDE and PVD neurons (De Stasio et al., 2018; Husson et al., 2012; Voglis & Tavernarakis, 2008) and also observed expression in FLP and ventral cord neurons.

• Primary Identifier: Expr11820
• Pattern: asic-1 is expressed in eight neurons comprising the C. elegans dopaminergic system (the four cephalic neurons; two anterior deirid neurons and two posterior deirid neurons; CEP, ADE, PDE, respectively). Expression is also detected in four additional neurons in the tail, two of which are the bilaterally symmetric PVQ interneurons.
• Subcellular Localization: A full-length ASIC-1::GFP and an amino-terminal ASIC-1N::GFP chimaeras showed prominent punctuate distribution along the processes of dopaminergic neurons, in synapse-rich areas. A DsRED-synaptobrevin fusion colocalizes with both ASIC- 1::GFP and ASIC-1N::GFP in these puncta. Thus, ASIC-1 localizes at presynaptic termini of dopaminergic neurons.

• Primary Identifier: Expr15649

• Primary Identifier: Marker31
• Remark: Picture: Figure 2B. Reporter gene fusion type not specified.
• Pattern: Expressed in CEP neurons.

• Primary Identifier: Expr11574
• Pattern: atat-2 is expressed not only in touch receptor neurons but also in a subset of ciliated neurons, namely, PDE, ADE, CEP, and OLQ.

• Primary Identifier: Expr14514
• Subcellular Localization: Full-length NPHP-2::GFP localized to a short proximal region of amphid channel and phasmid cilia as well as IL, CEP, OLQ, amphid channel and phasmid cilia, and the AWC wing cilia. Native promoter driven NPHP-2::GFP was not visible in AWB cilia, as reported previously for AWB- specific promoter driven NPHP-2. We conclude that NPHP-2 marks a region of the cilium distinct from the doublet region, and propose that this region is analogous to the InvC of mammalian cilia.

• Primary Identifier: Expr11753
• Remark: genomic

• Primary Identifier: Expr11754
• Remark: Isoform 1a

• Primary Identifier: Expr11755
• Remark: Isoform 1b.1

• Primary Identifier: Expr12168
• Pattern: qdpr-1 was expressed in the epidermis -similar to what observed in cat-4 transgenics- but was not highly expressed in 5HT and DA neurons. These transgenics all also showed some expression of varying intensity in other cells (non-epidermal cells, and non-5HT and non-DA neurons in the head and body). A qdpr-1 full-length translational fusion was expressed in several known 5HT and DA neurons, including NSMs, ADFs, CEPs, and other cells.

• Primary Identifier: Expr15558

• Primary Identifier: Expr15560

• Primary Identifier: Expr9325
• Pattern: Synaptogyrin is expressed in all 26 GABAergic neurons including also RMER and most though not all other neurons. Synaptogyrin is absent in amphids and phasmids and can be detected in non-neuronal glial-like sheath cells in adult worms. The cephalic neurons CEPDR/L and CEPVR/L and amphid-associated sheath cells CEPshDR/L, CEPshVR/L were tentatively positive. Several other neurons that could be tentatively identified in the anterior part are MI, M4, I4, AVL, AIY, RIS, I5, M3R/L, and in the posterior part DVA, AS11, ALNR/L, DVC, DVB, PQR, DA9 (characteristic axonal process denoted by arrowhead), VD13, DD6, VD12. Of these, AVL, RIS, VD13, DD6 and VD12 are GABAergic based on the colocalization with the unc-47p::GFP reporter. In addition, IL neurons were tentatively identified in the anterior (IL*). Synaptogyrin reporter constructs are also expressed in developing neurons. The expression of sng-1p::YFP is closely associated with the development of the nervous system being absent in the gastrula stage with first fluorescence in neuronal precursor cells and newly-formed neurons in the anterior part during the 1.5-fold stage. In addition, it is also detected transiently in cells in the posterior body at the 1.25-fold and 1.5-fold stage.

• Primary Identifier: Expr15571

• Primary Identifier: Expr15572

• Primary Identifier: Expr15573

• Primary Identifier: Expr15579

• Primary Identifier: Expr15586

• Primary Identifier: Expr15651

• Primary Identifier: Expr15652

• Primary Identifier: Expr15589

• Primary Identifier: Expr13158

• Primary Identifier: Expr15591

• Primary Identifier: Expr15598

• Primary Identifier: Expr15604

• Primary Identifier: Expr14590
• Pattern: Embryonic expression of exc-7 was first observed at the bean stage. By reverse lineaging with use of SIMI-Biocell software, we confirm the identity of one of the expressing cells at this stage as the excretory canal cell. In L1 animals, broad expression in the head, ventral nerve cord (VNC), and tail was observed. In young adults, expression is notably observed in vulva cells. In the nervous system specifically, expression is observed in many neurons throughout the body, but unlike Drosophila Elav, exc-7::gfp it is not panneuronally expressed. We confirmed previously reported expression in cholinergic VNC MNs, but absence of GABAergic VNC MNs, consistent with previous reports (Fujita et al., 1999; Loria et al., 2003) and consistent with exc-7 functioning in cholinergic, but not GABAergic neurons to control alternative splicing (Norris et al., 2014). exc-7::gfp is also expressed in some non-neuronal cell types, including muscle and hypodermis, but not in the gut. A previous report showed that exc-7 is only transiently and weakly expressed in the excretory cell, which, based on exc-7's excretory mutant phenotype, has puzzled researchers (Fujita et al., 2003). We find that the gfp tagged exc-7 locus is strongly and continuously expressed in the excretory canal cell.

• Primary Identifier: Expr15608

• Primary Identifier: Expr15611

7 Life Stages

Remark	Definition	Other Name	Public Name	Primary Identifier
	The whole period of embryogenesis in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, from the formation of an egg until hatching.		embryo Ce	WBls:0000003
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 620-800min(hatch) after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Cell number remains at ~560 cells, with some new cells generated and some cells go through programmed cell death. A stage after elongation is over. The last stage of embryogenesis. Also called pre-hatched embryo, late embryo or morphogenetic embryo.		fully-elongated embryo Ce	WBls:0000021
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 350-620min after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Cell number remains at ~560 cells, with some new cells generated and some cells go through programmed cell death. The stage that embryo starts elongation until elongation is over.		elongating embryo Ce	WBls:0000015
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 520-620min after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Cell number remains at ~560 cells, with some new cells generated and some cells go through programmed cell death. The shape of embryo is elongated and tripple fold. A stage between 2-fold embryo and fully-elongated embryo. Also called pretzel embryo or pretzel stage.		3-fold embryo Ce	WBls:0000020
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 420-460min after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Cell number remains at ~560 cells, with some new cells generated and some cells go through programmed cell death. The shape of embryo is elongated and fold back 50%. A stage between comma embryo and 2-fold embryo.		1.5-fold embryo Ce	WBls:0000018
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 390-420min after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Cell number remains at ~560 cells, with some new cells generated and some cells go through programmed cell death. The shape of embryo looks like a comma. A stage between bean embryo and 1.5-fold embryo.		comma embryo Ce	WBls:0000017
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 460-520min after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Cell number remains at ~560 cells, with some new cells generated and some cells go through programmed cell death. The shape of embryo is elongated and double fold. A stage between 1.5-fold embryo and 3-fold embryo.		2-fold embryo Ce	WBls:0000019

6 Parents

Definition	Name	Synonym	Primary Identifier
neuron with its cell body situated in the head, excluding the pharynx.	head neuron		WBbt:0006751
cell that exists in and is part of an embryo.	embryonic cell		WBbt:0007028
embryonic cell	ABplpaapppp		WBbt:0006336
Neuron class of four neurons associated with cephalic sensilla.	CEP		WBbt:0005244
cephalic sensillum in ventral left quadrant of worm head.	cephalic sensillum ventral left		WBbt:0006924
portion of anterior ganglion of somatic nervous system that is near or posteior to the metacorpus of pharynx.	anterior ganglion (post)		WBbt:0005371