WormMine: AnatomyTerm WBbt:0003890

• Definition: one member of Amphid neurons, single ciliated endings, probably chemo-sensory; project into ring via commissure from ventral ganglion, make diverse synaptic connections in ring neuropil
• Name: ASHL
• Primary Identifier: WBbt:0003890
• Synonym: lineage name: ABplpaappaa

1 Children

Definition	Name	Synonym	Primary Identifier
nucleus of pedigree ABplpaappaa	ABplpaappaa nucleus		WBbt:0001681

2 Expression Clusters

Regulated By Treatment	Description	Algorithm	Primary Identifier
	Top 300 transcripts enriched in ASHL, ASHR according to single cell RNAseq.	Top 300 enriched transcripts were determined by log2.ratio of the tpm in the cell type vs the tpm in the other cells * the log2 of the cell.type tpm.	WBPaper00061340:ASH
	Single-cell RNA-Seq cell group 47_1 expressed in neuron.	scVI 0.6.0	WBPaper00065841:47_1

238 Expression Patterns

• Primary Identifier: Expr4693
• Remark: nsy-5 = T16H5.1.
• Pattern: A GFP reporter transgene with 5.8 kb of the nsy-5 promoter was expressed exclusively in sensory neurons and interneurons in the head and tail. The neurons that expressed nsy-5::GFP included AWC, ASH, AFD, ASI, ADL, ASK, BAG, AWB, and ADF (head sensory neurons); ADA, AIZ, RIC, AIY, and AIM (head interneurons); PHA and PHB (tail sensory neurons); and PVC and PVQ (tail interneurons). Expression began about halfway through embryogenesis, was strongest in late embryogenesis and the L1 larval stage, and faded thereafter. Adults maintained weak expression in several neurons, including ASH but not AWC.

• Primary Identifier: Expr4397
• Pattern: GFP was localized to the nuclei of multiple sensory (including the AWB and ASH chemosensory) and non-sensory neurons, as well as in non-neuronal cells.
• Subcellular Localization: Nuclear localization was observed at all developmental stages, including the dauer stage and under different environmental conditions, including exposure to high concentrations of pheromone, absence of food and heat stress.

• Primary Identifier: Expr4398
• Pattern: GFP was localized to the nuclei of multiple sensory (including the AWB and ASH chemosensory) and non-sensory neurons, as well as in non-neuronal cells.
• Subcellular Localization: Nuclear localization was observed at all developmental stages, including the dauer stage and under different environmental conditions, including exposure to high concentrations of pheromone, absence of food and heat stress.

• Primary Identifier: Expr4403
• Pattern: Strong and consistent expression was observed in a limited number of neurons in the head and tail and coelomocytes. Weaker and/or inconsistent expression of TTX-7::EGFP was detected in nerve cord motor neurons, intestine, and somatic gonad. The head neurons expressing ttx-7::EGFP include AFD and RIA neurons. Also expressed in ASH, ASE, ASJ, AWC, ADF, ADL, ASI, ASK, AWB, VNC motor neurons, etc.
• Subcellular Localization: TTX-7::EGFP was diffusely expressed in the cytoplasm and was not localized to any specific subcellular compartment.

• Primary Identifier: Expr4204
• Remark: A translational DYF-2::GFP fusion was found to be localized only in cilia of CSN, thus precluding a confirmation of the cellular expression pattern obtained with the transcriptional dyf-2::gfp fusion or any further cell identification.
• Pattern: dyf-2::gfp expression was observed in only a subset of the ciliated sensory neuron (CSN) class in the worm. GFP signal was observed in seven out of twelve neurons of the amphids, including ASH, ASI, ASJ, ASK, ADL (ciliated neurons that fill with the fluorescent dye DiI) plus two hitherto unidentified amphid neurons. In addition, GFP expression was observed in the phasmid CSN and in neurons identified as AQR and PQR (asymmetric CSN in the head and tail, respectively). No or only very occasional GFP signal was detected in other CSN anterior to the nerve ring in the head of the worm.

• Primary Identifier: Expr4647
• Pattern: Transgenic lines generated with the partial protein fusion construct (for example, ljEx109) expressed TRPA-1:: GFP in the same cells as ljEx107 (see Expr4646), but with some additional cells, including the majority of amphid sensory neurons (for example, ASH, AWA, AWB, ASI and ASK) and the phasmid neurons PHA and PHB.

• Primary Identifier: Expr4648
• Pattern: Transgenic lines generated with the full-length protein fusion construct (for example, ljEx114) expressed TRPA-1:: GFP in the same cells as ljEx107 (see Expr4646), but with some additional cells, including the majority of amphid sensory neurons (for example, ASH, AWA, AWB, ASI and ASK) and the phasmid neurons PHA and PHB. The full-length TRPA-1:: GFP fusion was also expressed in the PVD and PDE in the postdeirid sensilla and the sensory neurons OLQ and IL1. Other neurons in the head and ventral nerve cord also expressed TRPA-1:: GFP.
• Subcellular Localization: The fusion protein was observed at the cilia of sensory neurons, as well as at the cell body.

• Primary Identifier: Expr4511
• Pattern: RGS-3::GFP expression is seen in seven pairs of head sensory neurons (ASH, ADL, AWB, AWC, ASI, ASJ and ASK) as well as PHA and PHB in the tail.

• Primary Identifier: Expr15649

• Primary Identifier: Expr3175
• Pattern: Expressed in ADF, ADL, AFD, ASE, ASG, ASH, ASI, ASJ, ASK, AWA, AWB, AWC, BAG, PHA, PHB, URX, intestine.

• Primary Identifier: Expr14199
• Pattern: ASH, ASI, AWB (dimmer and less consistent), sometimes you see other neurons in the head (variable), PVT

• Primary Identifier: Expr14201
• Remark: Other Strain: OH14962
• Pattern: ADL, ASH

• Primary Identifier: Marker74
• Remark: Picture: Figure 4E, 4F. Reporter gene fusion type not specified.
• Pattern: Marker for ASH neurons.

• Primary Identifier: Expr11753
• Remark: genomic

• Primary Identifier: Expr3169
• Pattern: Expressed in ADF, ADL, ASH, ASI, ASJ, ASK, PHA, PHB.

• Primary Identifier: Expr3185
• Pattern: Expressed in ADF, ADL, ASE, ASG, ASH, ASI, ASJ, ASK, PHA, PHB, URX, labial neurons.

• Primary Identifier: Expr15558

• Primary Identifier: Expr1688
• Remark: The cellular expression pattern for nlp-3 fragments was indistinguishable from the cellular expression pattern for nlp-3 subcloned constructs. Transgenic lines were generated by coinjection of the nlp::gfp construct (5070 ng/ul) and lin-15 rescue construct (pJM24,100 ng/ul) into lin-15(n765ts) animals. At least two independent transgenic lines were analyzed for each nlp gene; 5-10 animals were scored per line. 1,1'-Dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3 -tetramethylindodicarbocyanine perchlorate (Molecular Probes) was used to stain amphid and phasmid neurons to facilitate identification.
• Pattern: Expressed in ADF, ASE, ASH, AWB, ASJ, BAG, HSN, I1, I2, I3, I4, MI, M3, NSMR, 3 head neurons, VNC, oocytes, I6, M2, pm1VL, intestine.

• Primary Identifier: Expr15571

• Primary Identifier: Expr15572

• Primary Identifier: Expr15573

• Primary Identifier: Expr15579

• Primary Identifier: Expr15586

• Primary Identifier: Expr15651

• Primary Identifier: Expr15652

• Primary Identifier: Expr15589

• Primary Identifier: Expr15591

• Primary Identifier: Expr12196
• Pattern: To determine where lite-1 is expressed and identify likely sites of lite-1 function, the authors generated and examined worms carrying one of four transgenes derived from the wild-type lite-1 locus: a genomic fragment (lite-1 genomic), a transcriptional fusion (lite-1prom::gfp), a C-terminal translational fusion (lite-1prom::lite-1::gfp), and an N-terminal translational fusion (lite-1prom::gfp::lite-1). GFP expression was observed in a total of 29 cells: pharyngeal neurons M1, M4, M5, and MI; non-pharyngeal neurons ASK, ADL, ASI, ASH, AVG, AVB, RIM, ADF, PHA, PHB, and PVT; and non-neuronal cells Hyp3 (hypoderm), AMso (amphid socket cells), and PHso (phasmid socket cells). AVB was observed only with the C-terminal fusion transgene, and RIM and ADF were observed only with the transcriptional fusion transgene. lite-1 expression in AVG and PVT was previously reported.

• Primary Identifier: Expr13164
• Pattern: For lgc-38, all expressing cells shown are observed with the 3.5 kb reporter fusion, except for OLL, which only expresses the 3.9 kb fusion; URA expresses both.

• Primary Identifier: Expr15598

11 Life Stages

Remark	Definition	Other Name	Public Name	Primary Identifier
	The whole period of embryogenesis in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, from the formation of an egg until hatching.		embryo Ce	WBls:0000003
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 620-800min(hatch) after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Cell number remains at ~560 cells, with some new cells generated and some cells go through programmed cell death. A stage after elongation is over. The last stage of embryogenesis. Also called pre-hatched embryo, late embryo or morphogenetic embryo.		fully-elongated embryo Ce	WBls:0000021
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 350-620min after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Cell number remains at ~560 cells, with some new cells generated and some cells go through programmed cell death. The stage that embryo starts elongation until elongation is over.		elongating embryo Ce	WBls:0000015
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 290-350min after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Proliferate from 421 cells to 560 cells. The stage when embryo just finished gastrulation and is enclosing.		enclosing embryo Ce	WBls:0000013
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 0-350min after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Proliferate from 1 cell to 560 cells. From start of first cleavage until cleavage is over.		proliferating embryo Ce	WBls:0000004
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 520-620min after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Cell number remains at ~560 cells, with some new cells generated and some cells go through programmed cell death. The shape of embryo is elongated and tripple fold. A stage between 2-fold embryo and fully-elongated embryo. Also called pretzel embryo or pretzel stage.		3-fold embryo Ce	WBls:0000020
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 420-460min after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Cell number remains at ~560 cells, with some new cells generated and some cells go through programmed cell death. The shape of embryo is elongated and fold back 50%. A stage between comma embryo and 2-fold embryo.		1.5-fold embryo Ce	WBls:0000018
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 390-420min after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Cell number remains at ~560 cells, with some new cells generated and some cells go through programmed cell death. The shape of embryo looks like a comma. A stage between bean embryo and 1.5-fold embryo.		comma embryo Ce	WBls:0000017
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 460-520min after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Cell number remains at ~560 cells, with some new cells generated and some cells go through programmed cell death. The shape of embryo is elongated and double fold. A stage between 1.5-fold embryo and 3-fold embryo.		2-fold embryo Ce	WBls:0000019
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 350-390min after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Cell number remains at ~560 cells, with some new cells generated and some cells go through programmed cell death. Emrbyo elongation started but have not formed comma shape yet. The shape of embryo looks like a lima bean. A stage right before comma embryo. Also called lima embryo or lima bean stage.		bean embryo Ce	WBls:0000016
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 210-350min after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Proliferate from 421 cells to 560 cells. The stage before the fast cleavage of cells finishes.		late cleavage stage embryo Ce	WBls:0000014

6 Parents

Definition	Name	Synonym	Primary Identifier
neuron with its cell body situated in the head, excluding the pharynx.	head neuron		WBbt:0006751
cell that exists in and is part of an embryo.	embryonic cell		WBbt:0007028
embryonic cell	ABplpaappa		WBbt:0006670
Neuron class of two ciliated neurons that are part of the amphid sensilla; the endings are in the amphid channel, which is open to the outside.	ASH		WBbt:0005665
neuron type, cell body located in left lateral ganglion.	lateral ganglion left neuron		WBbt:0005102
	amphid left sensillum		WBbt:0005395