WormMine: AnatomyTerm WBbt:0003892

• Definition: one member of Amphid neurons, single ciliated endings, probably chemo-sensory; project into ring via commissure from ventral ganglion, make diverse synaptic connections in ring neuropil
• Name: ASGL
• Primary Identifier: WBbt:0003892
• Synonym: lineage name: ABplaapapap

1 Children

Definition	Name	Synonym	Primary Identifier
nucleus of pedigree ABplaapapap	ABplaapapap nucleus		WBbt:0001679

3 Expression Clusters

Regulated By Treatment	Description	Algorithm	Primary Identifier
	Single-cell RNA-Seq cell group 71_0 expressed in neuron.	scVI 0.6.0	WBPaper00065841:71_0
	Top 300 transcripts enriched in ASGL, ASGR, AWAL, AWAR according to single cell RNAseq.	Top 300 enriched transcripts were determined by log2.ratio of the tpm in the cell type vs the tpm in the other cells * the log2 of the cell.type tpm.	WBPaper00061340:ASG_AWA
	Top 300 transcripts enriched in ASGL, ASGR according to single cell RNAseq.	Top 300 enriched transcripts were determined by log2.ratio of the tpm in the cell type vs the tpm in the other cells * the log2 of the cell.type tpm.	WBPaper00061340:ASG

126 Expression Patterns

• Primary Identifier: Expr4859
• Pattern: A-class motor neuron: enriched in embryo (8.7) and larva (7.9). Neuronal expression include: I5, ASE, ASG, BAG, DD, M3, M5, head neurons. Pan-neuronal: expressed in embryo; enriched in larva (7.1).

• Primary Identifier: Expr4684
• Pattern: GFP expression was detected at most developmental stages, with the spatial expression depending on the developmental stage of the animal. Neuronal expression of hlh-29 was detected in larvae and adults in both amphid and phasmid sockets, in the ALA and PVT neurons, in the chemosensory and mechanosensory neurons, ASI, ASK, PHA, and PQR, and in neurons of the anterior pharyngeal bulb. Weaker expression was also detected in the ASG chemosensory neurons in some transgenic lines. L1 animals show strong expression of hlh-29 in intestinal cells, and weaker expression in the rectal glands and the pharyngeal muscle cell PM1. By L3 stage, intestinal expression of the hlh-29::GFP is limited to the posterior intestinal cells, and PM1 expression is no longer detected. Expression is also detected in the ventral posterior coelomocytes in the later L3-stage larvae, and in the spermatheca and vulval muscles of L4 and adult animals.

• Primary Identifier: Expr4985
• Remark: Picture: Fig 5.
• Pattern: GFP expression was specifically localized to a few cells at the anterior and posterior regions of the worm. At the anterior region, the GFP expression was identified in two amphid neurons (ASG), the pharyngeal intestinal (PI) valve (six cells), one to two neurons in retrovesicular ganglion (RVG), and two neurons posterior to the PI valve. The GFP expression in the posterior region was localized to the two phasmid neurons (PHA, PHB) and the anal valve (four cells). The results indicated that the promoter of CEFT-1 is specifically activated in chemosensory neurons (amphids and phasmid neurons) and valve regions (PI valve and anal valve). Promoter expression was evident through all developmental stages with a highly restricted GFP expression.

• Primary Identifier: Expr4533
• Pattern: Expressed in ASGL/R (faint).

• Primary Identifier: Expr4538
• Pattern: Expressed in ASGL/R, ADLL/R (faint).

• Primary Identifier: Expr11200
• Remark: Reporter fusion construct for the translational fusion not specified.
• Pattern: Upstream regulatory sequences of cng-2 drove gfp expression exclusively in six pairs of head sensory neurons in the adult. AWC, ASE, ASG, ASI, ASJ, ASK (Fig. 2B).
• Subcellular Localization: When expressed under an ASK-specific promoter the CNG-2 fusion protein was restricted to the ASK cell bodies.

• Primary Identifier: Expr15649

• Primary Identifier: Expr16432
• Pattern: We detected DMD-9::GFP expression in 10 head neurons of hermaphrodites at the L4 stage. High dmd-9 expression was detected in the BAG, AFD, AWCon, AWCoff, ASEL, and AWB neurons, with lower expression in ASER, and the ASGs. We also observed weak and inconsistent expression in other head neurons and transient weak expression in the tail of hermaphrodites and males at the L4 stage. No overt differences were observed in DMD-9::GFP expression in neurons of hermaphrodites and males. We also detected DMD-9::GFP expression in non-neuronal tissues. Transient DMD-9::GFP expression was observed in the uterine cells at specific sub-stages of the L4 stage. DMD-9 is not expressed from L4.0 to L4.3, with expression first detected in the early L4.4 stage, with the highest level during L4.4. before gradual loss by the L4.9 stage (Mok et al. 2015). DMD-9::GFP was not detected in adult uterine cells. We also detected DMD-9::GFP expression in sperm of hermaphrodites and males. In addition, we found that in a small proportion of L4 animals DMD-9::GFP shows asymmetric expression in the ASEs and AWCs neurons.

• Primary Identifier: Expr3175
• Pattern: Expressed in ADF, ADL, AFD, ASE, ASG, ASH, ASI, ASJ, ASK, AWA, AWB, AWC, BAG, PHA, PHB, URX, intestine.

• Primary Identifier: Expr8976
• Remark: Picture: Fig 4E to 4H. npr-5 = Y58G8A.4 in this paper.
• Pattern: The npr-5p::RFP transgene was expressed in a subset of amphid neurons (ADF, ASE, ASG, ASI, ASJ, ASK, AWA, AWB) in the inner labial neuron IL2, in the interneurons AIA and AUA, and in the phasmids (PHA, PHB). Outside the nervous system, npr-5p::RFP was expressed in head, neck, and body muscles throughout larval and adult development.

• Primary Identifier: Expr11753
• Remark: genomic

• Primary Identifier: Expr15085
• Pattern: Using a bicistronic GFP reporter transgene, we found that capa-1 is expressed in a single pair of chemosensory neurons. Co-localization of GFP with mCherry, expressed from the ASG-specific gcy-15 promoter, identified these cells as ASG.

• Primary Identifier: Expr3185
• Pattern: Expressed in ADF, ADL, ASE, ASG, ASH, ASI, ASJ, ASK, PHA, PHB, URX, labial neurons.

• Primary Identifier: Expr15558

• Primary Identifier: Expr15567

• Primary Identifier: Expr15571

• Primary Identifier: Expr15572

• Primary Identifier: Expr15573

• Primary Identifier: Expr15579

• Primary Identifier: Expr15586

• Primary Identifier: Expr15651

• Primary Identifier: Expr15652

• Primary Identifier: Expr15589

• Primary Identifier: Expr15591

• Primary Identifier: Expr15598

• Primary Identifier: Expr15604

• Primary Identifier: Expr15608

• Primary Identifier: Expr11375
• Pattern: eat-4 is expressed in 78 of the 302 neurons of the adult hermaphrodite, which fall into 38 neuron classes (out of a total of 118 anatomically defined neuron classes in the hermaphrodite). Most of these neurons are either sensory- or interneurons. Only two motorneurons utilize glutamate; both are located in the pharynx.

• Primary Identifier: Expr15611

• Primary Identifier: Expr1169
• Pattern: ASG and BAG sensory neurons; RIG interneurons; PVC, PVR, PVQ interneurons; additional neurons.

11 Life Stages

Remark	Definition	Other Name	Public Name	Primary Identifier
	The whole period of embryogenesis in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, from the formation of an egg until hatching.		embryo Ce	WBls:0000003
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 620-800min(hatch) after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Cell number remains at ~560 cells, with some new cells generated and some cells go through programmed cell death. A stage after elongation is over. The last stage of embryogenesis. Also called pre-hatched embryo, late embryo or morphogenetic embryo.		fully-elongated embryo Ce	WBls:0000021
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 350-620min after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Cell number remains at ~560 cells, with some new cells generated and some cells go through programmed cell death. The stage that embryo starts elongation until elongation is over.		elongating embryo Ce	WBls:0000015
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 290-350min after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Proliferate from 421 cells to 560 cells. The stage when embryo just finished gastrulation and is enclosing.		enclosing embryo Ce	WBls:0000013
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 0-350min after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Proliferate from 1 cell to 560 cells. From start of first cleavage until cleavage is over.		proliferating embryo Ce	WBls:0000004
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 520-620min after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Cell number remains at ~560 cells, with some new cells generated and some cells go through programmed cell death. The shape of embryo is elongated and tripple fold. A stage between 2-fold embryo and fully-elongated embryo. Also called pretzel embryo or pretzel stage.		3-fold embryo Ce	WBls:0000020
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 420-460min after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Cell number remains at ~560 cells, with some new cells generated and some cells go through programmed cell death. The shape of embryo is elongated and fold back 50%. A stage between comma embryo and 2-fold embryo.		1.5-fold embryo Ce	WBls:0000018
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 390-420min after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Cell number remains at ~560 cells, with some new cells generated and some cells go through programmed cell death. The shape of embryo looks like a comma. A stage between bean embryo and 1.5-fold embryo.		comma embryo Ce	WBls:0000017
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 460-520min after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Cell number remains at ~560 cells, with some new cells generated and some cells go through programmed cell death. The shape of embryo is elongated and double fold. A stage between 1.5-fold embryo and 3-fold embryo.		2-fold embryo Ce	WBls:0000019
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 350-390min after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Cell number remains at ~560 cells, with some new cells generated and some cells go through programmed cell death. Emrbyo elongation started but have not formed comma shape yet. The shape of embryo looks like a lima bean. A stage right before comma embryo. Also called lima embryo or lima bean stage.		bean embryo Ce	WBls:0000016
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 210-350min after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Proliferate from 421 cells to 560 cells. The stage before the fast cleavage of cells finishes.		late cleavage stage embryo Ce	WBls:0000014

6 Parents

Definition	Name	Synonym	Primary Identifier
neuron with its cell body situated in the head, excluding the pharynx.	head neuron		WBbt:0006751
cell that exists in and is part of an embryo.	embryonic cell		WBbt:0007028
embryonic cell	ABplaapapa		WBbt:0006120
Neuron class of two ciliated neurons that are part of the amphid sensilla; the endings are in the amphid channel, which is open to the outside.	ASG		WBbt:0005664
neuron type, cell body located in left lateral ganglion.	lateral ganglion left neuron		WBbt:0005102
	amphid left sensillum		WBbt:0005395