WormMine: AnatomyTerm WBbt:0003863

• Definition: Ventral cord interneuron, like AVD but outputs restricted to anterior cord.
• Name: AVER
• Primary Identifier: WBbt:0003863
• Synonym: lineage name: ABpraaaaaaa

1 Children

Definition	Name	Synonym	Primary Identifier
nucleus of pedigree ABpraaaaaaa	ABpraaaaaaa nucleus		WBbt:0001698

1 Expression Clusters

Regulated By Treatment	Description	Algorithm	Primary Identifier
	Top 300 transcripts enriched in AVEL, AVER according to single cell RNAseq.	Top 300 enriched transcripts were determined by log2.ratio of the tpm in the cell type vs the tpm in the other cells * the log2 of the cell.type tpm.	WBPaper00061340:AVE

81 Expression Patterns

• Primary Identifier: Expr15649

• Primary Identifier: Expr15558

• Primary Identifier: Expr15571

• Primary Identifier: Expr15572

• Primary Identifier: Expr15573

• Primary Identifier: Expr15579

• Primary Identifier: Expr15586

• Primary Identifier: Expr15651

• Primary Identifier: Expr15652

• Primary Identifier: Expr15589

• Primary Identifier: Expr15591

• Primary Identifier: Expr15598

• Primary Identifier: Expr12719
• Pattern: acc-1 and acc-2 fosmid reporters show very restricted and non-overlapping expression in the adult nervous system. The acc-1 fosmid reporter is expressed in a subset of cholinergic neurons, including cholinergic neurons in the ventral nerve cord, the retrovesicular ganglion and a few head neurons (including the SMD, RMD motor neurons, the AVA and AVE command interneurons and the SAA neurons). A small number of glutamatergic neurons also express acc-1 (including the pharyngeal neurons MI and M3, the PLM neurons and an unidentified neuronal pair in the lateral ganglion).

• Primary Identifier: Expr8850
• Remark: Picture: Fig 3.
• Pattern: Neuronal Expression: AVA, AVB, AVE, PVC, AIB, AUA, AVG, RIB, RIC, SAA, SIA, SIB, RIF, RIM, RMD, RME, SMD, DA, DB, VA, VB, M5, NSM, MC, I3, MI?. Non-neuronal Expression: rectal epithelium, body wall muscle, spermethecae, vulva muscle.

• Primary Identifier: Expr15604

• Primary Identifier: Expr14590
• Pattern: Embryonic expression of exc-7 was first observed at the bean stage. By reverse lineaging with use of SIMI-Biocell software, we confirm the identity of one of the expressing cells at this stage as the excretory canal cell. In L1 animals, broad expression in the head, ventral nerve cord (VNC), and tail was observed. In young adults, expression is notably observed in vulva cells. In the nervous system specifically, expression is observed in many neurons throughout the body, but unlike Drosophila Elav, exc-7::gfp it is not panneuronally expressed. We confirmed previously reported expression in cholinergic VNC MNs, but absence of GABAergic VNC MNs, consistent with previous reports (Fujita et al., 1999; Loria et al., 2003) and consistent with exc-7 functioning in cholinergic, but not GABAergic neurons to control alternative splicing (Norris et al., 2014). exc-7::gfp is also expressed in some non-neuronal cell types, including muscle and hypodermis, but not in the gut. A previous report showed that exc-7 is only transiently and weakly expressed in the excretory cell, which, based on exc-7's excretory mutant phenotype, has puzzled researchers (Fujita et al., 2003). We find that the gfp tagged exc-7 locus is strongly and continuously expressed in the excretory canal cell.

• Primary Identifier: Expr15608

• Primary Identifier: Expr15611

• Primary Identifier: Expr15392
• Remark: Promoter 3

• Primary Identifier: Expr15393
• Remark: Promoter 4

• Primary Identifier: Expr9156
• Remark: Picture: Fig. 3c, Fig S4a, to S4c.
• Pattern: grld-1 was expressed in many cell types, including, muscles, epithelial cells and neurons. Coexpressing mCherry under the opt-3 promoter, grld-1 was found expressed in AVE. grld-1 was also expressed in many of the neurons that are important for the nose-touch behavior, including the A-type motor neurons, the sensory neuron, ASH, and the glr-1expressing interneurons AVA and AVD.

• Primary Identifier: Expr1824
• Remark: Cells expressing TAX-6 were visualized using several tax-6::gfp fusion genes. The expression of tax-6 is under diverse transcriptional controls. Reporter gene fusion type not specified. pAK43 is a larger transgene that should include all promoter regions for tax-6 transcription, since another gene is encoded just upstream of this region and tax-6 mRNA does not seem to be derived from a polycistronic transcript.
• Pattern: When introduced into wildtype animals, pAK43 drove TAX-6 expression in many sensory neurons, as well as interneurons including AIY and AIZ, and most, if not all, muscle cells. pAK43 is expressed in muscle, AIB, AIY, AIZ, RIA, RIB, RIS, RIM, ASI, ADF, ASH, ASK, ADL, AUA, PHA, PHB, AVE. It is also expressed in AFD, ASE, AWA, AWC, AVK, AIM, RMDV, AVA.

• Primary Identifier: Expr13711
• Pattern: GFP::UBR-1 exhibits strong expression in a fraction of neurons and all musculatures throughout development, and weak expression in hypodermal seam cells. In the motor circuit, UBR-1::GFP's expression is prominent in premotor interneurons (INs) of the reversal motor circuit, and is absent from all ventral cord motor neurons that execute locomotion. Robust expression of UBR-1 was present at the pharynx; neuronal UBR-1::GFP signals were present in the AVA, AVE and RIM premotor interneurons, and other unidentified neurons.

• Primary Identifier: Expr13712
• Pattern: GOT-1::GFP exhibited cytoplasmic expression in all somatic tissues, including broad expression in the nervous system. Robust expression of GOT-1 was present at the pharynx; neuronal UBR-1::GFP and GOT-1::GFP signals were present in the AVA, AVE and RIM premotor interneurons, and other unidentified neurons.

• Primary Identifier: Expr8844
• Remark: Picture: Fig 3.
• Pattern: Neuronal Expression: ASI, ASJ, AVB, AVE, PVC, AIB, AIN, DA, DB, M2, NSM. Non-neuronal Expression: pharynx, GLR cells.

• Primary Identifier: Expr8733
• Remark: Picture: Fig. 2a, b.
• Pattern: MAGI-1::GFP was expressed in several interneurons, including AVA, AVD, AVE, RIM, and RIA.

• Primary Identifier: Expr2267
• Remark: Since these gfp fusions lack the introns and the 3' untranslated region, they might be lacking potential regulatory sequences. In that case, the gfp expression patterns may not precisely represent those of the endogenous kin-8 gene. cam-1 is called kin-8 in this article.
• Pattern: Expressed in chemosensory neurons in amphid: ASH. Other sensory neurons: ADE, FLP. Touch receptor neurons: AVM, ALM, PVM, PLM. Amphid interneurons: AIY, AIZ. Other interneurons: RIC, RMG, RIS, DVA, AVA, AVE, PVC, AVK, PVQ. Interneurons?: ALN, BDU, SDQ. Ring motor/inter neurons: RMD, RMDV. Ring motor neurons: RMED, RMEV Five neurons out of the following six, RIV, AVH, AVB, AVJ, AVD, AIN. About seven neurons in retrovesicular ganglion. Pharyngeal muscles in procorpus and isthmus. M4 and several pharyngeal neurons. A part of intestine and a few body wall muscles near the head (weak). Distal tip cells (sometimes and weak). A few ventral motor neurons and seam cells (rarely and weak). The expression patterns did not appear to change through the larva to adult stages. Embryonic expression was also observed.

• Primary Identifier: Expr15648

• Primary Identifier: Expr13161

• Primary Identifier: Expr15835
• Pattern: Localization of the FRPR-16 mCherry fusion reporter was observed in the premotor interneurons responsible for reverse locomotory control: AVA, AVE, and AVD. The fluorescent protein was also seen anterior to the nerve ring in the gas-sensing BAG neuron. This expressing pattern was not sex specific, as a matching expression pattern was observed in hermaphrodites.

11 Life Stages

Remark	Definition	Other Name	Public Name	Primary Identifier
	The whole period of embryogenesis in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, from the formation of an egg until hatching.		embryo Ce	WBls:0000003
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 620-800min(hatch) after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Cell number remains at ~560 cells, with some new cells generated and some cells go through programmed cell death. A stage after elongation is over. The last stage of embryogenesis. Also called pre-hatched embryo, late embryo or morphogenetic embryo.		fully-elongated embryo Ce	WBls:0000021
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 350-620min after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Cell number remains at ~560 cells, with some new cells generated and some cells go through programmed cell death. The stage that embryo starts elongation until elongation is over.		elongating embryo Ce	WBls:0000015
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 290-350min after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Proliferate from 421 cells to 560 cells. The stage when embryo just finished gastrulation and is enclosing.		enclosing embryo Ce	WBls:0000013
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 0-350min after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Proliferate from 1 cell to 560 cells. From start of first cleavage until cleavage is over.		proliferating embryo Ce	WBls:0000004
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 520-620min after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Cell number remains at ~560 cells, with some new cells generated and some cells go through programmed cell death. The shape of embryo is elongated and tripple fold. A stage between 2-fold embryo and fully-elongated embryo. Also called pretzel embryo or pretzel stage.		3-fold embryo Ce	WBls:0000020
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 420-460min after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Cell number remains at ~560 cells, with some new cells generated and some cells go through programmed cell death. The shape of embryo is elongated and fold back 50%. A stage between comma embryo and 2-fold embryo.		1.5-fold embryo Ce	WBls:0000018
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 390-420min after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Cell number remains at ~560 cells, with some new cells generated and some cells go through programmed cell death. The shape of embryo looks like a comma. A stage between bean embryo and 1.5-fold embryo.		comma embryo Ce	WBls:0000017
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 460-520min after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Cell number remains at ~560 cells, with some new cells generated and some cells go through programmed cell death. The shape of embryo is elongated and double fold. A stage between 1.5-fold embryo and 3-fold embryo.		2-fold embryo Ce	WBls:0000019
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 350-390min after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Cell number remains at ~560 cells, with some new cells generated and some cells go through programmed cell death. Emrbyo elongation started but have not formed comma shape yet. The shape of embryo looks like a lima bean. A stage right before comma embryo. Also called lima embryo or lima bean stage.		bean embryo Ce	WBls:0000016
	The C. elegans life stage spanning 210-350min after first cleavage at 20 Centigrade. Proliferate from 421 cells to 560 cells. The stage before the fast cleavage of cells finishes.		late cleavage stage embryo Ce	WBls:0000014

5 Parents

Definition	Name	Synonym	Primary Identifier
neuron with its cell body situated in the head, excluding the pharynx.	head neuron		WBbt:0006751
embryonic cell	ABpraaaaaa		WBbt:0005988
cell that exists in and is part of an embryo.	embryonic cell		WBbt:0007028
Neuron class of two interneurons with cell bodies situated in the lateral ganglion close to the ring neuropile.	AVE		WBbt:0006819
neuron type, cell body located in right lateral ganglion.	lateral ganglion right neuron		WBbt:0005100